Long and short vowels

Long vowels, spelled with a colon (lengthener), take about twice as long to pronounce as short vowels.

Vowel length can make a difference in meaning - oyę́gwaˀ vs oyę́gwa:ˀ.

You can hear an N-like sound after long Ę: in nę́:dah and Ǫ: in ǫ́:dǫh. This happens especially when long vowels are before D, G, J, K, T, or TS.